Understanding Skin Cancer on Darker Skin

Everyone should be concerned about skin cancer, no matter what their skin color is. While people with lighter skin tones may be at a higher risk due to their increased vulnerability to UV radiation, those with darker skin are not immune to the dangers of sun exposure. In fact, skin cancer can look different on dark skin, which often leads to delayed diagnoses.

This article will shed some light on how skin cancer appears in people of color, why it can be harder to detect and why regular skin exams matter.

Can People with Darker Skin Get Skin Cancer?

Many people think darker skin provides immunity against skin cancer. While melanin—the pigment that gives skin its color—offers some protection from UV radiation, this defense isn’t foolproof. People with dark skin are still vulnerable to the harmful effects of UV exposure.

Though skin cancer is less common in people with dark skin compared to those with lighter skin, it tends to be more aggressive and often develops unnoticed. Because changes in dark skin are harder to detect, regular skin check-ups are crucial.

Where Does Skin Cancer Usually Show Up On Darker Skin?

Skin cancer in darker skin often shows up in areas that aren’t as exposed to sunlight, making it different from the typical patterns seen in lighter skin. Common areas for skin cancer on dark skin include the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, nail beds and the scalp.

Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the three most common types of skin cancer. While they can all affect darker skin, melanoma is the most prevalent among people of color. What makes melanoma particularly concerning is that it often doesn’t appear in typical locations, making it easy to overlook during self-exams.

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a subtype of melanoma that’s more common in people with dark skin and tends to be overlooked because it doesn’t follow the typical pattern of melanoma, which usually develops as an abnormal mole or growth on sun-exposed skin. ALM is harder to spot, especially if you don’t check your nails or the bottoms of your feet regularly.

Another area that can be affected by skin cancer in individuals with darker skin is the genital and anal regions. Although rare, skin cancers like melanoma can develop in these regions, especially in individuals who have a history of UV exposure or who may be at a higher genetic risk.

Signs of Skin Cancer to Watch for on Dark Skin

The sooner skin cancer is identified, the better your chances for successful treatment. However, it can be difficult to spot the signs of skin cancer in people with darker skin. Here are some key symptoms to watch for:

• A new mole or bump on the skin, or changes in the size, shape or color of an existing mole, could be an early sign of skin cancer. In people with darker skin, it’s essential to watch for changes in areas where the skin tone might hide subtle signs. Moles or growths that have irregular edges, become raised or start to bleed are red flags to watch for.
• Non-healing sores can develop in areas that are not frequently examined, such as the scalp or underneath the nails. If you notice any unexplained sores or if a wound that doesn’t heal begins to bleed or change in appearance, see a dermatologist as soon as possible.
• Scaly, rough patches of skin that don’t go away are another warning sign of skin cancer. In people with dark skin, these patches may appear darker than the surrounding skin, and they could be mistaken for benign conditions like eczema. However, if these patches persist or change over time, they may signal the presence of squamous cell carcinoma or another type of skin cancer.
• Changes in the nails can also signal skin cancer. Dark streaks or bands under the nails, or changes in color or texture around the nail bed should be checked by a dermatologist. These changes may indicate melanoma or another type of skin cancer, especially acral lentiginous melanoma, which often affects the nail beds in people with darker skin.
• Persistent itching or tenderness in one spot, especially if it comes with other changes, could be a sign of skin cancer. It might be harder to notice since there may not be any visible injury, but don’t ignore the discomfort. If a patch of skin stays irritated or painful without a clear reason, it’s a good idea to see a dermatologist for an exam.

The Importance of Routine Skin Exams for People of Color

Many people of color may not seek medical help for suspicious spots, thinking skin cancer is unlikely, but not seeking care can be dangerous.

For those with dark skin, it’s especially important to check areas that are less exposed to the sun, like the palms, soles and under the nails. Use mirrors or ask someone to help check hard-to-see spots like the scalp or back of the neck. And taking photos of any suspicious spots helps to track changes over time.

Skin Cancer Screenings and Treatments at Schweiger Dermatology Group

Skin cancer can affect anyone, regardless of skin tone, and can look different on darker skin. In many cases, it can develop without obvious signs, which is why early detection is key. If you notice any changes in your skin or want peace of mind, book online or call 844-DERM-DOC.

We offer various treatment options, including surgical methods, such as Mohs surgery. For more advanced cases, we also provide non-surgical treatments such as topical therapies, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Remember, a simple screening today is the first step to keeping your skin healthy.