Is It Really a Food Allergy? It Could Be Oral Allergy Syndrome

When raw produce and nuts hit you the wrong way, your first thought may be “food allergy.” But it’s not always the case. “I often encounter patients who experience perplexing reactions to certain fruits, vegetables and nuts and then are surprised to learn these symptoms may not stem from true food allergies but rather a condition known as Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS),” says Lauren Whalen, a certified physician assistant at Schweiger Dermatology & Allergy.

This condition occurs when the immune system confuses proteins found in certain fresh foods with pollen proteins due to their similar structures. “As a result, individuals with hay fever — particularly those allergic to birch, ragweed or grass pollen — may experience itching or swelling in the mouth, throat and lips after consuming certain raw foods,” she explains.

How Do You Know?

The symptoms of OAS can vary widely, ranging from mild tingling and itching to more pronounced swelling and discomfort. It’s essential for patients to recognize that while OAS can be uncomfortable, it is typically not life-threatening like a classic food allergy. “The reactions are generally localized, meaning they usually do not cause systemic symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis,” says Whalen.

And there’s a quick fix. “In many cases, cooking the offending foods can denature the proteins that trigger these reactions, allowing individuals to enjoy a wider variety of fruits and vegetables without discomfort.”

Get a Handle on It

For those experiencing OAS, managing the condition involves knowing what foods you react to so you can make informed dietary choices. “By arming yourself with knowledge and strategies, you can continue to enjoy the benefits of a varied diet while minimizing the discomfort associated with OAS,” adds Whalen.

Lauren Whalen, PA-C, is a certified physician assistant at Schweiger Dermatology Group. She has spent years training under a board-certified allergist and immunologist and has been a practicing allergy provider since 2018. Lauren treats a wide range of conditions including but not limited to food, drug and environmental allergies. She has a particular passion for pediatric food allergies and has many years of experience treating food allergies with oral immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy.